INSULFORM EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE HEAVY DUTY THERMOPLASTIC BRIDGE BLOCKS DESIGN INFORMATIONDOWNLOAD A PDF COPY>>
7. DESIGN INFORMATION7.1. GeneralThe Insulform polystyrene blocks are used to form load bearing walls, beams and columns where the blocks act as formwork that remains permanently in place as insulation. Polystyrene blocks have the following advantages. 1. Light to transport and lay. 2. Large modular size, while easy and quick to lay. 3. Provides a very light and smooth walled block that is easy to inspect and check. 4. Provides a high insulation value to the structure. 5. Provides a wall that is easy to concrete thereby ensuring that concrete does not hang up as on the likes of concrete blocks. 6. Provides a stable base for approved external plaster systems. 7. Provides a stable wall for fixing internal linings to. 8. Concrete cures inside the polystyrene without losing its mixing water rapidly like other forms of concrete or concrete block construction. There is therefore no risk of shrinkage stresses reducing the strength of the concrete. 7.2. DurabilityThe expanded polystyrene block faces, and the heavy duty thermoplastic bridges of the blocks can be expected to satisfy the N.Z.B.C. B2 requirements, provided the blockwork is prepared and coated with an approved external plaster and covered with internal linings that are properly maintained for the life of the structure. The reinforced concrete core has the same durability as a reinforced concrete wall of the same thickness as the core. 7.3. LimitationsAs with all expanded polystyrene the blocks must not be exposed to ketones, esters, chlorinated hydrocarbons, benzene, fuels, turpentine, ether, or solvents. The approved coating system must not be over coated with any material that forms a vapour barrier. Only approved plaster and coatings are to be used to allow the blocks to evaporate any moisture from within the wall. The expanded polystyrene melts with excess heat, so should be separated by a ventilated cavity or concrete, from chimneys, ovens, heaters and other hot items. 7.4. FireThe Insulform block wall system is suitable for all types of residential, commercial, and industrial uses. The blocks are formed from fire retardant polystyrene so that the polystyrene shrinks and melts away from a normal ignition source without catching fire. However where an intensely hot ignition source such as an oxyacetylene flame jet is concentrated onto the foam, and melted foam, it is possible to get the vapours to burn. 7.4.1. Outbreak of FireInsulform Polystyrene Block Reinforced Concrete Walls contain combustible components. To meet the performance requirements of NZBC C1 they need to be protected from heat sources such as chimneys, solid fuel heaters and flues. Manufacturers of these products must be consulted to determine the appropriate protection measures (e.g. ventilated cavity) so that the Insulform blocks are not subject to temperatures above 50°C. 7.4.2. Spread of FireInsulform Polystyrene Block Reinforced Concrete walls can be used to meet the relevant provisions of NZBC Clauses C3.3.1, C3.3.2 and C3.3.5 when the following applies: Internal surface finish requirements shall be as required by Table 4 of NZBC C3/AS1 where used for SR or SH Purpose Group buildings no special requirements apply. Where used in Purpose Groups SC and SD special requirements apply. These special requirements are detailed in Clause 4.5 which follows and include the mechanical fixing of internal linings to timber inserts or the metal webs of the Insulform blocks. These fixing requirements apply to both sides of internal walls and to the inside only of external walls. The external surface finish requirements shall be determined from Table 2 of NZBC C3/AS1. These are governed by the surface finish type, building height (as defined in the Annex to the Fire Safety Documents), the distance from the relevant boundary and the properties of the cladding system. Insulform walls finished with Insulclad Plaster System for EPS block walls and coated as required below may be used wherever an Ignitability Index of 0 is required in Table 2 of C3/AS1. External Insulform Polystyrene Block Reinforced Concrete Walls, finished with an approved Plaster System for EPS block walls will have an Ignitability Index of 0 provided they are coated with approved plasters or one of the following finishes: ? Insulcote 100% acrylic paint. ? Formstone acrylic plaster. ? Colorplast pre-coloured plaster. There are no requirements for External Polystyrene Block Reinforced Concrete Walls, covered with a solid plaster in accordance with N.Z.S.4251:Part 1:1998 and finished with a latex based paint coating system which is less than 1.0mm thick. The special requirements applying to Insulform walls used in Purpose Groups SC and SD are as follows: ? One layer of 12.5mm thick standard Gib plasterboard or better must be installed in accordance with requirements to give at least a one way Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) of 15 minutes. Suitable details are contained in Winstone Wallboards Ltd’s Gib Fire Rated Systems, dated July 1997. This detail calls for the plaster board to be mechanically fixed to timber inserts anchored to the concrete substrate. The minimum size timber insert shall be 200mm x 50mm anchored with a minimum of 2-100mm FH skew nails. There is an alternative fixing for these purpose groups shown on Page 29. ? The EPS must be totally sealed from the interior areas of the building and any ceiling cavities by fire stopping. Any penetration passing through the fire rated wall must be fire stopped to a FFR of no less than that required for the building element in which it is installed. ? In multi-storey buildings (i.e. more than two floors) fire stopping must be provided at each floor level at the junction of floor and external wall. 7.4.3. Fire Resistance RatingInsulform Polystyrene Block Reinforced Concrete Walls have a fire resistance rating (FRR) based on the thickness of concrete walls as follows: ____________________________________________________________ Wall Concrete Thickness FRR ____________________________________________________________ 100mm thick wall 90/90/90 150mm thick wall 180/180/180 200mm thick wall 240/240/240 ____________________________________________________________ 7.5. DimensionsThe normal range of blocks is as follows: Length 1 metre Height 300mm Widths 200mm for 100mm concrete core 250mm for 150mm concrete core 300mm for 200mm concrete core Other widths can be manufactured to fulfil a bulk special order. 7.6. WeightWalls consisting of Insulform blocks, reinforced concrete, 3mm external plaster finish (Insulclad) and 9.5mm (Gib Board) internal linings weigh: 270 kg/sq metre for 100mm concrete core 390 kg/sq metre for 150mm concrete core 510 kg/sq metre for 200mm concrete core If the external plaster finish is solid plaster in accordance with N.Z.S.4251:1998 then these weights must be increased by 45kg/m². 7.7. Insulation ValueA 100mm concrete core Insulform block wall system with external plaster and internal plasterboard linings has a thermal resistance of at least 2.9 square metres °C/W. A 150mm concrete core Insulform block wall system with external plaster and internal plasterboard linings has a thermal resistance of at least 3.0 square metres °C/W. 7.8. Structural Strength – Non Specific Design 7.8.1. General The building scope shall be as defined by clause 1.1.2 of N.Z.S 3604;1999 Construction is to be in accordance with N.Z.S.3604:1999 except as varied below: ? All external walls shall be Insulform walls. Or timber framed (2nd storey). ? Internal walls may be Insulform or timber framed walls built in accordance with N.Z.S. 3604:1999. ? Foundation walls must be 250mm thick (minimum) Insulform walls built in accordance with the Insulform Manual. ? Floor to ceiling heights can be up to 2.5m. ? These details shall apply to the following buildings: - Single storey buildings based on 100mm thick or thicker concrete Insulform walls. - Two storey buildings where the lower storey is of 100mm thick concrete Insulform walls and the upper storey including the floor is light timber framed construction conforming to N.Z.S. 3604:1999. ? If 100MM thick or thicker concrete core Insulform block walls are to be used for the lower and upper walls of two storey construction with a timber floor or concrete floor, a specific design is required for bracing, lintels, foundations and concrete floored. Refer to Engineer’s Design Information of Page 30. 7.8.2. Bracing RequirementsThese are determined as follows: ? Wind – Tables 5.3 to 5.7 of N.Z.S. 3604:1999 ? Earthquakes – Tables 5.8 to 5.10 of N.Z.S. 3604:1999 7.8.3. Bracing Resistance (Ratings)Bracing ratings shall be those for reinforced concrete walls of N.Z.S.3604:1999, except that, 100mm thick concrete core Insulform block walls have a rating of 120 bracing units per metre if the top of the storey in question finishes with a ceiling diaphragm, built in accordance with Paragraph 13.5 of N.Z.S.3604. A value of 200 bracing units per metre can be used for lower storey walls, having a first floor particle board diaphragm built in accordance with Paragraph 7.3 of N.Z.S.3604. These strengths are governed by the ceiling diaphragm or the floor diaphragm respectively, as the concrete wall formed is stronger The minimum length of wall for the above to apply is 0.5m. Insulform walls must be evenly distributed around the perimeter of the building otherwise a specific design will be necessary. Internal Timber framed walls can be used to provide bracing resistance to Insulform walls. The bracing resistance provided by these shall be determined by NZS3604:1999 or the latest version of theGib “Ezybrace Systems” manual. Floor diaphragm connections to Insulform walls shall be as detailed in Figure 9.5 N.Z.S.4229:1999 except that the stringer or a square timber pack shall be bolted directly to the concrete by cutting away the EPS. Ceiling and roof diaphragm connections shall be as detailed in Figs 9.2 and 9.4 of N.Z.S.4229:1999, except that connections shall be bolted directly to the concrete by cutting away the EPS, load bearing members at the top of the wall shall be located directly against the concrete. 8. ENGINEER DESIGN INFORMATION8.1. Structural Strength – Specific DesignThe strength of structures can be determined by designing to the NZS 3101: Part 1 and Part 2: 2006 “New Zealand Standard – Concrete Structures Standard”. The design of walls, beams and columns shall be carried out to the above standard except that he strength reduction factor, ? , for shear and torsion shall be 0.65 to allow for the effects of the bridges. Enclosed are tables for the following that can be of assistance with a specified design. - Insulform face loaded capacity Design Aid 1 - Insulform lintel and beam capacity Design Aid 2 - Insulform shear wall capacity Design Aid 3 and 4 - Insulform wall interaction diagram Design Aid 5 and 6 8.2. Structural LimitationsAll loads must be transferred directly to the concrete, not the polystyrene. Bolt fixings and all other fixings must be designed to allow for any extra eccentricity due to the polystyrene spacing a load away from the concrete where the fixings is not bolted directly to the concrete. The blocks need to be braced against the wind and site working loads during erection as pour heights up to 3m are achievable. Small square or circular openings may be placed at mid depth of beams provided the reinforcement still has adequate cover and the holes are at least 200mm apart. These shall be no more than 32mm sq or 26mm diameter. Penetrations in wall may have the same size, spacing and cover as beams but shall be at least 300mm away from any wall edge. Larger holes may be permitted by Design Engineer subject to specific design. 8.3. Further InformationReference should be made to the relevant section of the insulform manual for more detailed information such as plaster specification, standard drawing details etc.
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